In his interesting report on Punjab Drugs [in Baden Powell’s Handbook of the Economic Products of the Punjab], the late Dr. Burton Brown wrote
已故的伯頓布朗博士在他關於旁遮普藥品的有趣報告中[在貝登鮑威爾的旁遮普經濟產品手冊中]。伯頓布朗寫道：
“At the present day the native physicians have adopted, with some modifications, the idea of Galen respecting the method of operation of medicines; this was, that the uses of all medicines were derived from their elementary or cardinal properties,—namely, heat, cold, moisture and dryness; and that all diseases could also be classed under the above heads, but that in the treatment of disease a medicine should always be employed which was of a contrary nature to the disease treated; thus a cold disease requires a hot remedy, and the converse.
「如今，本土醫生已經採納了蓋倫關於藥物操作方法的思想，並做了一些修改；也就是說，所有藥物的用途都源自於其基本或基本屬性，即熱、寒、濕和燥。所有疾病也可歸入上述類別，但在治療疾病時，應始終使用與所治療疾病性質相反的藥物；故寒病需熱藥，反之亦然。」
The following is a list of some of the drugs employed, showing their nature according to native ideas, and also the real use in European medicine.
以下是所使用的一些藥物的清單，根據本土想法展示了它們的性質，以及歐洲醫學中的實際用途。
From the above list it will be seen that many of the cold remedies, are what are used in European therapeutics astringent medicines, while the hot remedies are principally aromatics; but that very various remedies are classed under the terms moist and dry.”